Data Transcription Procedures

Introduction

This section contains information on the practices for transcribing specimen data from specimens into a Microsoft Excel worksheet using the data entry template (File:Data Entry Template 08-Mar-2013.xls).

Procedures

Sort Specimens

Sort the specimens by collecting event (Locality, Date, Collecting Method, Collectors) for a taxon (scientific group). Do not mix up the taxa. If the specimen labels appear to be entirely heterogeneous, this step may be skipped.

Barcode Specimens

Apply the unique identifier (barcode) to the bottom of the specimen careful to avoid the encoded barcode area of the media. Some pins will have a blunted tip making it difficult to penetrate the barcode media. In this case, use a loose pin with a sharp tip to carefully pierce but not fully penetrate the media. The slight piercing of the barcode media will avoid potential "spinning" of the label in the future.

If you come upon a misprinted barcode whether it be the encoded part being smudged or a digit being unreadable, do not use! The barcode is used to uniquely identify the specimen unambiguously. If the barcode number is not correct, the reference in the database for that specimen will not be correct, thus causing a number of serious problems if not rectified quickly. Copying the correct barcode number is extremely important!

Save New File

Open the data entry template and save the file according to this standard: [most specific taxonomic name for all specimens in drawer]_[collection or location that the specimens belong to; empty if OSUC specimens]_[the date for today].xls

Examples:

• Scelio_AEIC_22-Mar-2007.xls
• Misc_Scelionidae_Colombia_17-Feb-2007.xls
• Misc_Coleoptera_06-Apr-2007.xls

Each drawer or box of specimens should be entered in a single file. Do not overwrite the data entry template file and always begin from the data entry template.

Transcribe Data

Transcribe the specimen labels into the Raw Data worksheet of the spreadsheet. Each label of the specimen will correspond to the numbered label columns in the worksheet with the top-most label being label1. Copy all of the label data as is including any misspellings, incorrect information, or apparently extraneous characters. The goal of transcribing specimen labels is to have as close to an electronic reproduction of the labels as possible. Any additional information about the specimen that does not have its own column such as condition, preservation medium, etc. should be added into the comments column. Any supplementary specimen identification information should also be included in the comments columns to avoid the loss of any useful information.

Any of the columns that are not needed for transcription (i.e. type, life_status, etc.) can be removed with a few exceptions, but new columns cannot be added. If a column is inadvertently removed, the removed column can be re-added but must bear the exact same column name. Reference the data entry template for the original column names. A few columns are required to be present within a data entry spreadsheet: date, name, comments, at least one identification column, and all of the label columns. Do not remove these columns.

See data entry template information and additional transcription notes.

Specimen Container Marking

When transcription of all specimens is completed, place a Post-it Note or another form of adhered stationery on the finished drawer or box. Finding a specimen post-transcription is far easier when the specimen container is marked after specimen transcription. There will always be transcription mistakes, so finding offending specimens quickly and easily is essential.

Mark the specimen container in the following format:

Into Excel: [date finished]

By: [your name]

Filename: [data entry filename]

Example:

Into Excel: 18-Apr-2007

By: Joe

Filename: Misc_Scelionidae_USNM_15-Apr-2007.xls

Data Entry Template Information

Column Name	Description	Required
date	Date the record was recorded	yes
name	Name of the person who recorded the record	yes
order	Order in which the record is identified	no; unless order is the most specific identification
superfamily	Superfamily in which the record is identified	no; unless superfamily is the most specific identification
family	Family in which the record is identified	yes; unless the most specific identification is broader than family (only to order or superfamily)
subfamily	Subfamily in which the record is identified	no; unless subfamily is the most specific identification
genus	Genus in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for genus, species, and subspecies-level identifications
species	Specific epithet in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for species, and subspecies-level identifications
subspecies	Subspecific epithet in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for subspecies-level identifications
cuid	Unique specimen identifier (aka collecting unit identifier) for a record usually in the form 'collection code' 'specimen number' (e.g. 'OSUC 213455')	yes
inst	Institution code of the depository for the specimen or lot	no; default: OSUC
type	Type status for the record (e.g. 'Holotype', 'Syntype', 'Paratype')	no; default: non-type
life_status	Life stage for the record (e.g. 'nymph', 'larva', 'egg')	no; default: adult
spm_num	Number of specimens associated with the record. When more than one specimens are determined of different sex, this column will contain the number of specimens and their respective sex separated by a space (e.g. '10-F 5-M 1-U')	no; default: 1
spm_sex	Specimen sex (M = male, F = female, U = unsexed) for all of the specimens associated with the record. When more than one specimens are determined of different sex, this column is ignored	no; default: U
comments	Comments on the condition of the specimen, additional information not present on the record labels, or any other information that is desired to be associated with the record	yes; may be blank
determiner	Determiner of the record with last name first, a comma, then his/her initials (e.g. 'Johnson, N F')	no
det_date	Determination date of the record (year only)	no; default: 'current year'
Label1-8	Verbatim label data attached to the medium containing the specimen or lot	yes; may be blank
new_comments	Excel formula for concatenating the label data for database entry. Ignore this column!	yes; DO NOT modify this column

DEA Processed Specimen Data Template Information

Main worksheet

Column Name	Description	Required
date	Date the record was recorded	yes
name	Name of the person who recorded the record	yes
cuid	Unique specimen identifier (aka collecting unit identifier) for a record usually in the form 'collection code' 'specimen number' (e.g. 'OSUC 213455')	yes
inst	Institution code of the depository for the specimen or lot	yes
type	Type status for the record (e.g. 'Holotype', 'Syntype', 'Paratype')	no; default: non-type
spm_num	Number of specimens associated with the record. When more than one specimens are determined of different sex, this column will contain the number of specimens and their respective sex separated by a space (e.g. '10-F 5-M 1-U')	no; default: 1
spm_sex	Specimen sex (M = male, F = female, U = unsexed) for all of the specimens associated with the record. When more than one specimens are determined of different sex, this column is ignored	no; default: U
life_status	Life stage for the record (e.g. 'nymph', 'larva', 'egg')	no; default: adult
new_comments	Comments on the condition of the specimen, additional information not present on the record labels, or any other information that is desired to be associated with the record. This column also contains the verbatim specimen labels with the transliteration of each label enclosed within square brackets ([...]) and separated by a space	yes; may be blank
family	Family in which the record is identified	yes; identifications to a rank higher than order must be replaced with the taxon ID in the format 'id=tnid'
subfamily	Subfamily in which the record is identified	no; unless subfamily is the most specific identification
genus	Genus in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for genus, species, and subspecies-level identifications
species	Specific epithet in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for species, and subspecies-level identifications
subspecies	Subspecific epithet in which the record is identified	sometimes; required for subspecies-level identifications
determiner	Determiner of the record with last name first, a comma, then his/her initials (e.g. 'Johnson, N F'). If complete given names are known, they may be included (e.g. 'Johnson, Norman F')	no
det_date	Determination date of the record (year only)	no; default: 'current year'
stated_loc & stated_date	These columns are present for legacy reasons. Ignore these columns	no; deprecated
loc_name	A locality name that exactly matches an existing locality name within the database	yes
coll_date	The specific date (day, month and year) a specimen was collected (in Excel date format). 'start_date', 'end_date', and 'period' must be blank	yes
start_date	The specific starting date (day, month and year) a specimen was collected within a range(in Excel date format). 'coll_date' and 'period' must be blank; 'end_date' must be present and later than 'start_date'	yes
end_date	The specific ending date (day, month and year) a specimen was collected within a range(in Excel date format). 'coll_date' and 'period' must be blank; 'start_date' must be present and earlier than 'end_date'	yes
period	The non-specific date (missing a day, month or year) a specimen was collected (in text format). 'coll_date', 'start_date', and 'end_date' must be blank	yes
coll_method	The collecting method used to collect the specimen (e.g. 'by hand', 'trap', etc.)	yes
collector1	The first collector of the specimen with last name first, a comma, then his/her initials (e.g. 'Johnson, N F'). If complete given names are known, they may be included (e.g. 'Johnson, Norman F')
collector2	The second collector of the specimen with last name first, a comma, then his/her initials (e.g. 'Johnson, N F'). If complete given names are known, they may be included (e.g. 'Johnson, Norman F')
collector3	The third collector of the specimen with last name first, a comma, then his/her initials (e.g. 'Johnson, N F'). If complete given names are known, they may be included (e.g. 'Johnson, Norman F'). If more than three collectors were given, use 'et al.' as the third collector and include the rest of the collecting party within the 'new_comments' column
field_code	The field code, field number, or other term used to define the code that is used to identify a given collecting event (e.g. 'MA-02-18A-10', 'BJZ 2007SEP1a', etc.)	yes
habitat	The habitat in which a specimen was collected. Habitat should omit distinct, definite biological associations for a particular organism which should go into the associations part of this worksheet	yes
assoc_cuid	Unique specimen identifier (aka collecting unit identifier) for the vouchered biological association usually in the form 'collection code' 'specimen number' (e.g. 'OSUC 213455'). Not required for unvouchered associations	yes
assoc_inst	Institution code of the depository for the vouchered biological association. Not required for unvouchered associations	yes
association_type	The type of biological association between the record and the association (e.g. 'collected on / collecting site of')	yes
assoc_order	Order in which the biological association is identified	yes
assoc_family	Family in which the biological association is identified	yes
assoc_genus	Genus in which the biological association is identified	yes
assoc_species	Species in which the biological association is identified	yes
assoc2_cuid	Unique specimen identifier (aka collecting unit identifier) for the second vouchered biological association usually in the form 'collection code' 'specimen number' (e.g. 'OSUC 213455'). Not required for unvouchered associations	yes
assoc2_inst	Institution code of the depository for the second vouchered biological association. Not required for unvouchered associations	yes
association2_type	The type of biological association between the record and the second association (e.g. 'collected on / collecting site of')	yes
assoc2_order	Order in which the second biological association is identified	yes
assoc2_family	Family in which the second biological association is identified	yes
assoc2_genus	Genus in which the second biological association is identified	yes
assoc2_species	Species in which the second biological association is identified	yes

Transcription Notes

• If a specimen has an ambiguous identification, use the parent taxon above the uncertain taxon. Examples: Paratelenomus / Telenomus => Telenominae; ? Maamingidae => Diaprioidea; nr. Parascelio => Scelioninae; Trissolcus cf. basalis => Trissolcus; Telenomus n.sp. => Telenomus

• A determination label at the top left of the unit tray applies to all of the specimens subsequent to that label unless a noticeable demarcation is present. This means that the determiner and the determination date will apply for all of the specimens as well as the taxonomic name.

• If an ambiguous identification is used as defined above, put the determination in the comments column. The exception to this rule is for a specimen with a determination label attached to it. Since the determination label will be transcribed along with the rest of the labels, only the first specimen will be missing the determination in the comments for a determined series. Example:

genus	species	...	comments	...	label2
Breviscelio		...		...	Breviscelio n.sp., NF Johnson, 2007
Breviscelio		...	Breviscelio n.sp.	...

• Every few specimens that have different labels, go back and re-read the label data to see if any obvious transcription mistakes were made. If you have any doubts about the veracity of a transcription, go back to the specimen to assure that the copied label data is correct. Quality always takes a priority over quantity.